2023年考研備考,必不可少需要復(fù)習(xí)英語,語法又是其中非常重要的部分,醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)小編為幫助大家掌握語法,特整理了“2023考研英語長難句練習(xí)4”,分享如下:
Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,“school streets”, even individual roads—are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.(2020年英語二)
重點(diǎn)詞匯:
absence n.缺席;不存在
keep out:禁入……
require sb to do…:要求某人去……
bring … into compliance:使……服從規(guī)定
解析:該句涉及到的語法點(diǎn)有:定語從句;并列結(jié)構(gòu);介詞短語作定語。
Step1:
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
①Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,“school streets”, even individual roads
②are a response to the absence of a larger effort
③to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.
Step2:抓主干
Restrictions are a response.(主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu))
Step3:理結(jié)構(gòu)
①“that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,“school streets”, even individual roads”定語從句修飾先行詞“Restrictions”,定語從句較長時(shí),可后置翻譯為:限制高污染汽車進(jìn)入某些地區(qū)——市中心、學(xué)校街道、甚至個(gè)別道路。
②are a response to the absence of a larger effort
response to對(duì)……的回應(yīng)?!皁f a larger effort”介詞短語作定語修飾“absence”,即:大量努力的缺席。
③to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.
1.to do 短語作后置定語修飾effort
2.并列結(jié)構(gòu)的識(shí)別。“and”并列前后兩個(gè)to do短語,即:to A and B的結(jié)構(gòu)。理解為:去適當(dāng)執(zhí)行現(xiàn)有法規(guī)和要求汽車公司使其車輛符合規(guī)定。
參考譯文:限制高污染汽車進(jìn)入某些地區(qū)、市中心、學(xué)校街道、甚至個(gè)別道路,是對(duì)沒有更大力度地適當(dāng)執(zhí)行現(xiàn)有法規(guī)和要求汽車公司使其車輛符合規(guī)定的回應(yīng)。
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